Inbred mouse strains provide genetic diversity comparable to that of the human population.
Like humans, mice have a wide range of diabetes-related phenotypes. The inbred mouse …

For almost 30 years, the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse has served as the primary model
for dissecting the genetic and pathogenic basis for T-lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune type …

Peripheral arterial disease is a major complication of diabetes. The ability to promote
therapeutic angiogenesis may be limited in diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high …

Identification of genes underlying complex traits presents a challenge to which geneticists
have responded with many diverse approaches. A common feature of these approaches is …

Abstract Idd5. 1 regulates T1D susceptibility in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and has two
notable candidate genes, Ctla4 and Icos. Reduced expression of one of the four CTLA-4 …

Maternal diabetes and obesity in pregnancy are well-known risk factors for structural birth
defects, including neural tube defects and congenital heart defects. Progeny from affected …

The immune system requires a homeostatic equilibrium between the mechanisms that
assure self-tolerance, those that control the capacity to mount life-long immunity to …

▪ Abstract Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the patient's immune system
destroys the insulin-secreting β-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. A majority of …

Standardized protocols for maintaining near-normal glycemic levels in diabetic rodent
models for testing therapeutic agents to treat disease are unavailable. We developed …

The development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been linked to environmental factors and
dietary components. Increasing evidence indicates that the integrity of the gut mucosa plays …