Many animal appendages, such as avian beaks and mammalian ears, can be used to
dissipate excess body heat. Allen's rule, wherein animals in warmer climates have larger …

Vertebrate palaeontology is a lively field, with new discoveries reported every week... and
not only dinosaurs! This new edition reflects the international scope of vertebrate …

Birds are some of the most diverse organisms on Earth, with species inhabiting a wide
variety of niches across every major biome. As such, birds are vital to our understanding of …

Despite longstanding interest in convergent evolution, factors that result in deviations from
fully convergent phenotypes remain poorly understood. In birds, the evolution of flightless …

The highly productive waters of the Humboldt Current System (HCS) host a particular
temperate ecosystem within the tropics, whose history is still largely unknown. The Pisco …

Assembling informal supertrees inclusive of extinct species is a useful but particularly long
and complex procedure. We introduce a new, interactive, piece of software that allows the …

The illustration is an important tool to aid in the description and understanding of anatomy,
and penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) are an important clade in …

Abstract Penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) are pursuit divers that feed mainly on krill, fish,
and squid. Although they are opportunistic feeders, some species are more generalists than …

Despite its current low diversity, the penguin clade (Sphenisciformes) is one of the groups of
birds with the most complete fossil record. Likewise, from the evolutionary point of view, it is …

Fulmarine petrels are top predators in the Antarctic region preying mostly on squid, fish, and
carrion. Their diets have been widely studied, but less is known about the role of skeletal …