Background & Aims Central neuromodulators (antidepressants, antipsychotics, and other
central nervous system− targeted medications) are increasingly used for treatment of …

Abdominal pain is the foremost complication of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Pain can be
related to recurrent or chronic inflammation, local complications or neurogenic mechanisms …

This review covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and
management of diabetic gastroparesis, and more broadly diabetic gastroenteropathy, which …

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The United States is currently experiencing an epidemic of opioid abuse. This article
discusses the history of opioid use for pain management and how epidemiologic data …

Chronic digestive diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux
disease, and inflammatory bowel diseases, cannot be disentangled from their psychological …

There is increasing evidence that brain− gut interactions are altered during development of
inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Understanding the relationship between the …

The use of opioid medications on both an acute and chronic basis is ubiquitous in the United
States. As opioid receptors densely populate the gastrointestinal tract, symptoms and side …

Opioids were one of the earliest classes of medications used for pain across a variety of
conditions, but morbidity and mortality have been increasingly associated with their chronic …

Chronic pancreatitis is a clinical entity that results from the progressive inflammation and
irreversible fibrosis of the pancreas resulting from the cumulative injury sustained by the …