B cells can be stimulated to proliferate and differentiate in response to cell-contact
dependent signals provided by activated, but not resting, T cells. In the human system …

Recently, conjugate vaccines containing Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular
polysaccharide (HibCP) coupled to protein carriers were introduced for use in infants and …

Background. The relative contributions of the “direct” and “indirect” pathways of CD4 T cell
allorecognition in providing help for generating effective humoral and CD8 T cell …

Sepsis survivors exhibit impaired responsiveness to antigen (Ag) challenge associated with
increased mortality from infection. The contribution of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the …

Vaccination of infants with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide
(HibCP) coupled to carrier proteins has proven protective against invasive Hib diseases in …

CD40 is a 48 kDa glycoprotein predominantly expressed on B cells in both mouse and man,
which interacts with a counterligand (CD40L), expressed on activated CD4+ T cells …

In the conventional paradigm of humoral immunity, B cells recognize their cognate antigen
target in its native form. However, it is well known that relatively unstable peptides bearing …

CD23 gene is overexpressed and abnormally regulated in the most frequent adult leukemic
disorder, B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Switch on and off in the upregulation of …

Introduction: Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among HIV-infected
children is 20–40 fold greater compared to HIV-uninfected children, including among HIV …

Patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are heterogeneous in the clinical
manifestations of the disease and in the underlying mechanisms leading to the …