Many Gram-negative bacteria use the sophisticated type II secretion system (T2SS) to
translocate a wide range of proteins from the periplasm across the outer membrane. The …

The type II secretion system (T2SS) is a multi‐protein complex used by many bacteria to
move substrates across their cell membrane. Substrates released into the environment …

abstract Gram-negative bacteria use the type II secretion system to transport a large number
of secreted proteins from the periplasmic space into the extracellular environment. Many of …

Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial signaling molecule that regulates a
variety of complex processes through a diverse set of c-di-GMP receptor proteins. We have …

The type II secretion system (T2SS) delivers toxins and a range of hydrolytic enzymes,
including proteases, lipases, and carbohydrate-active enzymes, to the cell surface or …

ABSTRACT Type IV pili (T4P) are dynamic surface structures that undergo cycles of
extension and retraction. T4P dynamics center on the PilB and PilT proteins, which are …

Recent work has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of the potentially life-
threatening diarrheas caused by Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli …

Gram-negative bacteria assemble many proteins into the inner and outer membranes and
export a large number of proteins to the periplasm or to the extracellular medium. During the …

Gram-negative bacteria have evolved several secretory pathways to release enzymes or
toxins into the surrounding environment or into the target cells. The type II secretion system …

To ensure their survival, a number of bacterial and plant species have evolved a common
strategy to capture energy from other biological systems. Being imperfect pathogens …