Cell surface carbohydrates have been proven optimal targets for vaccine development.
Conjugation of polysaccharides to a carrier protein triggers a T-cell-dependent immune …

The importance of tick-borne diseases is increasing all over the world, including Turkey.
Global warming, environmental and ecological changes and the existence of suitable …

Pathogens are various organisms, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, which can
cause severe illnesses to their hosts. Throughout history, pathogens have accompanied …

Francisella tularensis (Ft) is the etiological agent of tularemia, a disease known for over 100
years in the northern hemisphere. Ft includes four subspecies, of which two are the etiologic …

Zoonotic infections are globally important diseases and lead to huge economic losses in
both low-and middle-income and high-income countries. Global warming, environmental …

Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia, a category A bioterrorism agent.
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen (OAg) of F. tularensis has been considered for use …

Vector-borne zoonotic diseases (VBZDs) are a major problem for public health and animal
welfare all over the world. In recent years, there has been an alarming increase in VBZDs …

A multidisciplinary, collaborative project was conducted to determine the prevalence and
distribution of soil-borne zoonotic pathogens in Lahore district of Pakistan and ascertain its …

Francisella tularensis infects several cell types including neutrophils, and aberrant
neutrophil accumulation contributes to tissue destruction during tularaemia. We …

Francisella novicida is a facultative intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of
tularemia. Although cases of infection caused by exposure to contaminated water have been …