Background and aims Balanced nutrition which can help in maintaining immunity is
essential for prevention and management of viral infections. While data regarding nutrition in …

Low levels of micronutrients have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes during
viral infections. Therefore, to maximize the nutritional defense against infections, a daily …

The SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic has generated an explosion
of interest both in the mechanisms of infection leading to dissemination and expression of …

The COVID-19 is an acute and contagious disease characterized by pneumonia and ARDS.
The disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which belongs to the family of Coronaviridae along …

Vitamin D (VitD) is a prohormone most noted for the regulation of calcium and phosphate
levels in circulation, and thus of bone metabolism. Inflammatory and immune cells not only …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2) global pandemic is a
devastating event that is causing thousands of victims every day around the world. One of …

Vitamin D, in addition to its classical functions in bone homeostasis, has a modulatory and
regulatory role in multiple processes, including host defense, inflammation, immunity, and …

Observational studies and randomised controlled studies suggest that vitamin D plays a role
in the prevention of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI); however, findings are …

Background COVID-19 is a major pandemic that has killed more than 196,000 people. The
COVID-19 disease course is strikingly divergent. Approximately 80-85% of patients …

Cytokines regulate immune responses essential for maintaining immune homeostasis, as
deregulated cytokine signaling can lead to detrimental outcomes, including inflammatory …