Tertiary lymphoid organs emerge in tissues in response to nonresolving inflammation.
Recent research characterized artery tertiary lymphoid organs in the aorta adventitia of aged …

Detection of self nucleic acids by Toll-like receptors (TLR) preciptates autoimmune diseases,
including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It remains unknown how TLR signals in …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is mediated by innate and adaptive
immune responses. The disease is characterized by sub-endothelial accumulation and …

Naive B cells co-express two BCR isotypes, IgM and IgD, with identical antigen-binding
domains but distinct constant regions. IgM but not IgD is downregulated on autoreactive B …

We have used an inhibiting antibody to determine whether preimmune versus antigen-
experienced B cells differ in their requisites for BLyS, a cytokine that controls differentiation …

The mechanisms leading to autoimmune diseases remain largely unknown despite
numerous lines of experimental inquiry and epidemiological evidence. The growing number …

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders that affect
specific target organs or multiple organ systems. These conditions share common …

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are CD4+ T cells with immune-suppressive function, which is
defined by Foxp3 expression. However, the molecular determinants defining the …

Abnormal activation of multiple immune and non-immune cells and proinflammatory factors
mediate the development of joint inflammation in genetically susceptible individuals …

MicroRNAs have been shown to be critical for a number of aspects of immune system
regulation and function. Here, we have examined the role of microRNAs in terminal B cell …