Almost half of all enzymes must associate with a particular metal to function. An ambition is
to understand why each metal–protein partnership arose and how it is maintained. Metal …

Metals are essential for life, and they play a central role in the struggle between infecting
microbes and their hosts. In fact, an important aspect of microbial pathogenesis is the …

A better understanding of the role of the Arabidopsis ZIP family of micronutrient transporters
is necessary in order to advance our understanding of plant Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu …

Metal nanoparticles used as antifungals have increased the occurrence of fungal–metal
interactions. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how these interactions cause …

What makes a heavy metal resistant bacterium heavy metal resistant? The mechanisms of
action, physiological functions, and distribution of metal-exporting proteins are outlined …

Remediation of sites contaminated with toxic metals is particularly challenging. Unlike
organic compounds, metals cannot be degraded, and the cleanup usually requires their …

Transition metals such as copper are essential for many physiological processes yet can be
toxic at elevated levels. Other metals (eg lead) are nonessential and potentially highly toxic …

Uptake and translocation of cationic nutrients play essential roles in physiological processes
including plant growth, nutrition, signal transduction, and development. Approximately 5% of …

Zinc is an essential nutrient for all organisms because this metal serves as a catalytic or
structural cofactor for many different proteins. Zinc-dependent proteins are found in the …

Only graminaceous monocots possess the Strategy II iron (Fe)‐uptake system in which Fe is
absorbed by roots as an Fe3+‐phytosiderophore. In spite of being a Strategy II plant …