At the beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, global efforts focused on
containing the spread of the virus and avoiding contagion. Currently, it is evident that health …

Background Malnutrition is inevitable in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-
19) due to its effect on the gastrointestinal system, immune system, and high metabolic …

CONTEXT The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the most pressing challenges for
humanity. The pandemic is affecting all aspects of human lives and livelihoods, including …

Background and aims Patients with COVID-19 infection presents with a broad clinical
spectrum of symptoms and complications. As a consequence nutritional requirements are …

Micronutrients are critical for an adequate function of the immune system and play a vital
role in promoting health and nutritional well-being. The present work is aimed at reviewing …

The COVID-19 pandemics has created unprecedented challenges and threats to patients
and healthcare systems worldwide. Acute respiratory complications that require intensive …

The ongoing pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) is a substantial stressor that is greatly impacting environmental sustainability …

The epidemic of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has grown to be a global health threat.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are thought to be common clinical manifestations apart from a …

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic people are facing risks of adverse health
effects due to the restrictions implemented such as quarantine measures, reduced social …

SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the COVID-19 disease, is posing unprecedent challenges. In the
literature, increasing evidence highlights how malnutrition negatively affects the immune …