Nanoparticles have become a vital part of a vast number of established processes and
products; they are used as catalysts, in cosmetics, and even by the pharmaceutical industry …

Millions of experimental animals are widely used in the assessment of toxicological or
biological effects of manufactured nanomaterials in medical technology. However, the …

Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of
pancreatic β cells. Previous study has discovered that probiotic strains residing in the gut …

Cell-based therapies have shown significant promise in tissue engineering with one key
challenge being the delivery and retention of cells. As a result, significant efforts have been …

Viral vectors represent a bottleneck in the manufacturing of cellular therapies.
Electroporation has emerged as an approach for non-viral transfection of primary cells, but …

Soft materials have been developed very rapidly in the biomedical field over the past 10
years because of advances in medical devices, cell therapy, and 3D printing for precision …

Biological cells are complex living machines that have garnered significant attention for their
potential to serve as a new generation of therapeutic and delivery agents. Because of their …

Low back pain (LBP), caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, is a major
contributor to global disability. In its healthy state, the IVD is a tough and well-hydrated …

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a heterogeneous group of rare inherited blistering skin
disorders characterized by skin fragility following minor trauma, usually present since birth …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) or thermal hysteresis (TH) proteins are biomolecular gifts of
nature to sustain life in extremely cold environments. This family of peptides, glycopeptides …