Osteopontin (OPN) also known by its official gene designation secreted phosphoprotein‐1
(SPP1) is a fascinating, multifunctional protein expressed in a number of cell types that …

During the last decades, the effort of establishing satisfactory biomarkers for multiple
sclerosis has been proven to be very difficult, due to the clinical and pathophysiological …

Inflammation is a common process involved in aging, multiple sclerosis (MS), and age-
related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's …

Background and purpose Improved biomarkers are needed to facilitate clinical decision‐
making and as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials in multiple sclerosis (MS). We assessed …

Identifying a reliable biomarker may accelerate diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lead
to early management of the disease. Accumulating evidence suggest that cerebrospinal fluid …

Objective To identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein changes in persons who will develop
familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) due to PSEN1 and APP mutations, using unbiased …

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) intensive efforts are directed at identifying biomarkers
in bodily fluids related to underlying disease mechanisms, disease activity and progression …

Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional cytokine and adhesion molecule, as well as an
unusual regulator for both innate and adaptive immune responses. Several immune cells …

Microglia are the immune sentinels of the central nervous system with protective roles such
as the removal of neurotoxic oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs). As aging alters …

Background and Objectives To evaluate the extent of intrathecal inflammation in patients
with primary progressive MS (PPMS) at the time of diagnosis and to define markers and a …