CRISPR-Cas systems for editing, regulating and targeting genomes

JD Sander, JK Joung - Nature biotechnology, 2014 - nature.com
Targeted genome editing using engineered nucleases has rapidly gone from being a niche
technology to a mainstream method used by many biological researchers. This widespread …

Classification and nomenclature of CRISPR-Cas systems: where from here?

KS Makarova, YI Wolf, EV Koonin - The CRISPR journal, 2018 - liebertpub.com
As befits an immune mechanism, CRISPR-Cas systems are highly variable with respect to
Cas protein sequences, gene composition, and organization of the genomic loci. Optimal …

CRISPR-Cas: adapting to change

SA Jackson, RE McKenzie, RD Fagerlund, SN Kieper… - Science, 2017 - science.org
BACKGROUND The arms race between prokaryotes and their perpetually evolving
predators has fueled the evolution of a defense arsenal. The so-called CRISPR-Cas …

[HTML][HTML] The CRISPR-Cas immune system: biology, mechanisms and applications

D Rath, L Amlinger, A Rath, M Lundgren - Biochimie, 2015 - Elsevier
Viruses are a common threat to cellular life, not the least to bacteria and archaea who
constitute the majority of life on Earth. Consequently, a variety of mechanisms to resist virus …

Engineering of CRISPR-Cas12b for human genome editing

J Strecker, S Jones, B Koopal, J Schmid-Burgk… - Nature …, 2019 - nature.com
The type-V CRISPR effector Cas12b (formerly known as C2c1) has been challenging to
develop for genome editing in human cells, at least in part due to the high temperature …

A guide to genome engineering with programmable nucleases

H Kim, JS Kim - Nature Reviews Genetics, 2014 - nature.com
Programmable nucleases—including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-
like effector nucleases (TALENs) and RNA-guided engineered nucleases (RGENs) derived …

[HTML][HTML] A primary physiological role of toxin/antitoxin systems is phage inhibition

S Song, TK Wood - Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are present in most prokaryote genomes. Toxins are almost
exclusively proteins that reduce metabolism (but do not cause cell death), and antitoxins are …

Cas9–crRNA ribonucleoprotein complex mediates specific DNA cleavage for adaptive immunity in bacteria

G Gasiunas, R Barrangou… - Proceedings of the …, 2012 - National Acad Sciences
Clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated
(Cas) systems provide adaptive immunity against viruses and plasmids in bacteria and …

A programmable dual-RNA–guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity

M Jinek, K Chylinski, I Fonfara, M Hauer, JA Doudna… - science, 2012 - science.org
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated
(Cas) systems provide bacteria and archaea with adaptive immunity against viruses and …

Unravelling the structural and mechanistic basis of CRISPR–Cas systems

J Van Der Oost, ER Westra, RN Jackson… - Nature Reviews …, 2014 - nature.com
Bacteria and archaea have evolved sophisticated adaptive immune systems, known as
CRISPR–Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR …