Intensive research over the last few decades has seen significant advances in our
understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation (AF). The epidemic of …

The pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) are highly complex and
variable among sufferers of this arrhythmia. 1, 2 This can be attributable to the different risk …

Despite considerable basic research into the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF), not much
progress has been made in the prognosis of patients with AF. With the exception of …

Introduction: Recent research has unravelled an increasing list of cardiac conditions and risk
factors that may be responsible for the abnormal underlying atrial substrate that predisposes …

Cardiac arrhythmias remain a common challenge and are associated with significant
morbidity and mortality. Effective and safe rhythm control strategies are a primary, yet unmet …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide and has an enormous
impact on our healthcare system as it is a major contributor of morbidity and mortality …

Highlights•miR423-5p discriminated patients with HF from those with other causes of
dyspnea.•miRNA-related pathophysiological mechanisms of AF were shown for miR-21 and …

Objectives: Review the causes of reentry arrhythmias. Describe the electrocardiogram of a
patient with a reentry arrhythmia. Summarize the treatment options for reentry arrhythmias …

Recent observations that early and aggressive rhythm control for atrial fibrillation (AF)
reduces adverse cardiovascular outcomes 1 and that catheter ablation may outperform anti …

Background A biological mechanism called inflammation is necessary for reacting to
damaging stimuli, but it can also, ironically, play a role in the formation of arrhythmias, or the …