Effector, memory and exhaustion are three phenotypes of CD8+ T cell. In tumor
microenvironment (TME), metabolism dysfunction of the three should take the blame for …

Simple Summary Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that also play a role in cancer.
They have been shown to influence various aspects of the disease, including resistance to …

T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) expression has been
a trending topic in recent years due to its differential expression in a wide range of …

Simple Summary Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell
carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a distinct entity with molecular, pathological, and clinical …

Background and purpose Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with
locoregional control (LRC) in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients …

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignancy with a high incidence and mortality, and the emergence
of immunotherapy has brought survival benefits to GC patients. Compared with traditional …

Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC) induced cellular immune deficiency and bone
marrow inflammatory microenvironment play an important role in the pathogenesis and …

Simple Summary According to the latest GLOBOCAN data, head and neck squamous cell
carcinoma (HNSCC) represents the sixth most prevalent human malignancy. Recent studies …

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer type, accounting for
approximately 277,597 deaths worldwide. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration …

Simple Summary The programmed death-1 receptor monoclonal antibody treatments
pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been successful in the treatment of recurrent or …