Postnatal development includes dramatic changes in gonadal hormones and the many
social behaviors they help regulate, both in rodents and humans. Parental care-seeking is …

In recent decades, human sociocultural changes have increased the numbers of fathers that
are involved in direct caregiving in Western societies. This trend has led to a resurgence of …

Social relationships throughout life are vital for well-being and physical and mental health. A
significant amount of research in animal models as well as in humans suggests that oxytocin …

Oxytocin (OT) is critical for the expression of social behavior across a wide array of species;
however, the role of this system in the encoding of socially relevant information is not well …

Considerable evidence suggests that the steroid hormone testosterone mediates major life-
history trade-offs in vertebrates, promoting mating effort at the expense of parenting effort or …

Allomothering, the caregiving to offspring by adults other than the biological mother
including fathers and other group members, has characterized human societies throughout …

Social interactions are essential for animals to reproduce, defend their territory, and raise
their young. The conserved nature of social behaviors across animal species suggests that …

Maternal interactions with young occupy most of the reproductive period for female
mammals and are absolutely essential for offspring survival and development. The …

Males of many species must allocate limited energy budgets between mating and parenting
effort. The Challenge Hypothesis provides a framework for understanding these life-history …

Parental care is essential for the survival of offspring in altricial mammalian species.
However, in most mammals, virgin females tend to avoid or attack infants. Moreover, most …