Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by the activation of at least
several neurohumoral pathways that have a common role in maintaining cardiac output and …

The renal nerves are the communication link between the central nervous system and the
kidney. In response to multiple peripheral and central inputs, efferent renal sympathetic …

Despite improvements in medical therapy and device‐based treatment, heart failure (HF)
continues to impose enormous burdens on patients and health care systems worldwide …

Importance Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with increased sympathetic drive and
may increase expression of the cotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) within sympathetic …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a strong candidate gene for coronary artery disease (CAD). We
have previously identified genetic linkage to familial CAD in the genomic region of NPY. We …

Abstract Aims Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is the most abundant neuropeptide found in the heart
and is released alongside norepinephrine following prolonged sympathetic activation, a …

The documentation of preferential activation of the cardiac sympathetic outflow in patients
with heart failure swept aside an entrenched notion that there was a functional sympathetic …

Abstract Objective: NG, N G-dimethylarginine (asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA) is an
important endogenous substance with potent inhibitory actions on nitric oxide (NO) …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a co-transmitter of the sympathetic nervous system including the
renal nerves. The kidney expresses NPY receptors, which can also be activated by peptide …

Since its discovery in 1982, neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been shown to have numerous
effects mediated by a growing number of NPY receptors in both the CNS and peripheral …