The specificities of lymphocytes for antigen are generated by a quasi-random process of
gene rearrangement that often results in non-functional or autoreactive antigen receptors …

B cells are essential for the development and pathogenesis of both systemic and organ-
specific autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive B cells are typically thought of as sources of …

We previously reported that some of the rare broadly reactive, HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies
are polyreactive, leading to the hypothesis that induction of these types of neutralizing …

Receptor editing is the process of ongoing antibody gene rearrangement in a lymphocyte
that already has a functional antigen receptor. The expression of a functional antigen …

Elimination of autoreactive developing B cells is an important mechanism to prevent
autoantibody production. However, how B cell receptor (BCR) signaling triggers apoptosis of …

A recent advance in the treatment and understanding of autoimmune disease has been the
efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy. Such therapies are effective for several such diseases …

The TNF-family cytokine BAFF (BLyS) promotes B lymphocyte survival and is overexpressed
in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's Syndrome. BAFF can rescue …

Besides antigen-specific responses to viral antigens, humoral immune response in virus
infection can generate polyreactive and autoreactive antibodies. Dengue and Zika virus …

B lymphocytes (B cells) express a variety of membrane molecules containing
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs) in the cytoplasmic region such as …

Continued antibody gene rearrangement, termed receptor editing, is an important
mechanism of central B cell tolerance that may be defective in some autoimmune …