The conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm is a well-established model utilized to
study the role of context associations in reward-related behaviors, including both natural …

In the last few years, there has been a wave of articles related to behavioral addictions;
some of them have a focus on online pornography addiction. However, despite all efforts, we …

Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol
misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD), which has been fueled in part by dramatic rises in …

Drug addiction may be a goal-directed choice driven by excessive drug value in negative
affective states, a habit driven by strong stimulus− response associations, or a compulsion …

Sex differences may play a critical role in modulating how chronic or heavy alcohol use
impacts the brain to cause the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD is a …

The motivational model of substance use posits that four motive subtypes (coping,
enhancement, social, conformity) dynamically interact with contextual factors to affect …

Despite a lack of recent progress in the treatment of schizophrenia, our understanding of its
genetic and environmental causes has considerably improved, and their relationship to …

In this review, we detail the clinical evidence supporting the role of psychological and
physiological stress in instrumental motivation for alcohol consumption during the …

The use of psychoactive drugs is a wide spread behaviour in human societies. The
systematic use of a drug requires the establishment of different drug use-associated …

Early life adversity (ELA) is associated with poorer health in adulthood, an association
explained, at least in part, by increased engagement in health‐risk behaviors (HRBs). In this …