Astrocytes are key homeostatic regulators in the central nervous system and play important
roles in physiology. After brain damage caused by eg, status epilepticus, traumatic brain …

The connexin family of channel-forming proteins is present in every tissue type in the human
anatomy. Connexins are best known for forming clustered intercellular channels, structurally …

Epilepsy has remained a significant social concern and financial burden globally. Current
therapeutic strategies are based primarily on neurocentric mechanisms that have not proven …

Three family members compose the pannexin family of channel-forming glycoproteins
(Panx1, Panx2 and Panx3). Their primary function is defined by their capacity to form single …

Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) serves as a signal for diverse physiological
functions, including spread of calcium waves between astrocytes, control of vascular oxygen …

Pannexin (PANX) family proteins form large-pore channels that mediate purinergic
signaling. We analyzed the cryo-EM structures of human PANX1 in lipid nanodiscs to …

Microglia are the resident immune cells in the brain that constitute the brain's innate immune
system. Recent studies have revealed various functions of microglia in the development and …

The inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein complex involved in the activation of
caspase-1 and the processing of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and …

Anoxic depolarization of pyramidal neurons results from a large inward current that is
activated, in part, by excessive glutamate release during exposure to anoxia/ischemia …

Structural and functional collapse of the balance between excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I)
synapses, ie, synaptic E/I balance, underlies the pathogeneses of various central nervous …