Several different reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in vivo. They have roles in
the development of certain human diseases whilst also performing physiological functions …

Free radicals have acquired growing importance in the fields of biology and medicine. They
are produced during many different endogenous and exogenous processes. Mitochondria …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is linked to sterile and pathogen-dependent inflammation, and
its dysregulation underlies many chronic diseases. Mitochondria have been implicated as …

Mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. Early studies
have shown that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) are related to the …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as cell signaling molecules generated in oxidative
metabolism and are associated with a number of human diseases. The reprogramming of …

Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein thiol present at millimolar
concentrations in mammalian tissues. As an important intracellular antioxidant, it acts as a …

Abstract 'Reactive oxygen species'(ROS) is an umbrella term for an array of derivatives of
molecular oxygen that occur as a normal attribute of aerobic life. Elevated formation of the …

Oxidative stress (OS) is defined as a disturbance in the prooxidant‐antioxidant balance of
the cell, in favor of the former, which results in the antioxidant capacity of the cell to be …

The mammalian mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) includes complexes I‑IV, as
well as the electron transporters ubiquinone and cytochrome c. There are two electron …

Increasing numbers of individuals suffer from neurodegenerative diseases, which are
characterized by progressive loss of neurons. Oxidative stress, in particular, the …