BACKGROUND Family-planning policies have focused on contraceptive approaches to
avoid unintended pregnancies, postpone, or terminate pregnancies and mitigate population …

Increasing evidence on the significance of nutrition in reproduction is emerging from both
animal and human studies, suggesting a mutual association between nutrition and female …

Nanoplastics (NPs) have recently emerged in the context of global plastic pollution. They
may be more toxic than macroplastics litter and microplastic fragments due to its …

Lifestyle medicine plays a crucial role in both the prevention and treatment of diseases by
addressing modifiable lifestyle factors that significantly impact health outcomes. This …

Male and female infertility is a global major health problem. Approximately 15% of couples
of a reproductive age are unable to achieve the desired pregnancy within 12 months …

Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) have been shown to
exhibit endocrine disrupting properties. Their effects on women's reproductive health …

Ovarian dysfunction is a common cause of female infertility, which is associated with genetic,
autoimmune and environmental factors. Granulosa cells (GCs) constitute the largest cell …

Background Obesity and metabolic syndrome are observed more frequently in infertile
women, and insulin resistance (IR) is closely related to them. However, there are no studies …

Infertility has massively disrupted social and marital life, resulting in stressful emotional well-
being. Early diagnosis is the utmost need for faster adaption to respond to these changes …

Background and Purpose Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and
endocrine disease affecting women of reproductive age. Due to its complex aetiology, there …