This review takes an inclusive approach to microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus
and cardiometabolic disease. In virtually every organ, dynamic interactions between the …

The ability of epithelial cells to organize through cell–cell adhesion into a functioning
epithelium serves the purpose of a tight epithelial protective barrier. Contacts between …

Connexins are ubiquitous channel forming proteins that assemble as plasma membrane
hemichannels and as intercellular gap junction channels that directly connect cells. In the …

There have been extensive research efforts to develop new strategies for bone tissue
engineering. These have mainly focused on vascularization during the development and …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by
progressive loss of motor neurons in the CNS. Astrocytes play a critical role in disease …

In recent years our understanding of connexins has advanced from viewing them simply as
proteins with a surprisingly short lifespan that form gap junction channels. Connexins are …

Connexins, a family of transmembrane proteins, are components of both gap junction
channels and hemichannels, which mediate the exchange of ions and small molecules …

Animals synchronize to the environmental day-night cycle by means of an internal circadian
clock in the brain. In mammals, this timekeeping mechanism is housed in the …

Gap junctions are membrane channels found in all cells of the human body that are
essential to cellular physiology. Gap junctions are formed from connexin proteins and are …

Neural stem cells in the adult brain exist primarily in a quiescent state but are reactivated in
response to changing physiological conditions. How do stem cells sense and respond to …