Human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally associated with 5% of cancers, including cancers
of the cervix, penis, vulva, vagina, anus and oropharynx. The most carcinogenic HPV is HPV …

The ability to experience pleasurable sexual activity is important for human health.
Receptive anal intercourse (RAI) is a common, though frequently stigmatized, pleasurable …

This chapter provides an overview of anal cancer and contemporary approaches for anal
precancer detection, beginning with a discussion of the biology and natural history of anal …

Background Anal cancer prevention has two critical points: the incidence rate is several fold
higher for some groups, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and …

Background Incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma is increasing, but vaccination
against human papillomavirus (HPV) and removal of precancerous anal lesions could …

Men who have sex with men living with HIV (MSM LWH) are at highest risk for human
papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated anal cancer. There is no consensus on the optimal …

Background Anal cancer (AC) disproportionally affects people living with HIV (PLWH).
Although there are no consensus-based AC screening guidelines, experts recommend anal …

Cervical cancer is the first cancer deemed amenable to elimination through prevention, and
thus lessons from the epidemiology and prevention of this cancer type can provide …

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has shown high efficacy against anal
HPV infection and lesions in clinical trials, and the HPV prevalence and type distribution in …

Introduction Anal cytology is used in the prevention of anal cancer, which disproportionally
affects men who have sex with men (MSM). Data on the incidence of cytologic abnormalities …