While immunotherapies as an alternative to conventional ART have generally proven to be
well tolerated, these therapeutic approaches have largely been unsuccessful in inducing …

Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTLs) limit HIV pathogenesis, as evidenced in elite
controllers (a subset of individuals who suppress the virus without the need for therapy) …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has brought the HIV/AIDS epidemic under control, but a curative
strategy for viral eradication is still needed. The cessation of ART results in rapid viral …

The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is part of the cell's innate immune
mechanism of defense. MAVS mRNA is bicistronic and can give rise to a full length-MAVS …

The biomolecular mechanisms controlling latent HIV-1 infection, despite their importance for
the development of a cure for HIV-1 infection, are only partially understood. For example, ex …

Effective antiretroviral therapy has led to significant human immunodeficiency virus type 1
(HIV-1) suppression and improvement in immune function. However, the persistence of …

NK cells are well-known for their antiviral functions. Also, their role in HIV has been well
established, with rapid responses elicited during early HIV infection. Most immune cells …

The existence of latent viral reservoirs (LVRs), also called latent cells, has long been an
acknowledged stubborn hurdle for effective treatment of HIV-1/AIDS. This stable and …

HIV-1 infects 39.5 million people worldwide, and cART is effective in preventing viral spread
by reducing HIV-1 plasma viral loads to undetectable levels. However, viral reservoirs …

Background: Latency reversing agents (LRAs) such as protein kinase C (PKC) modulators
can reduce rebound-competent HIV reservoirs in small animal models. Furthermore …