Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations induce adverse effects in plants. We reviewed
how ozone affects (i) the composition and diversity of plant communities by affecting key …

Plants respond to herbivory through various morphological, biochemicals, and molecular
mechanisms to counter/offset the effects of herbivore attack. The biochemical mechanisms of …

Plants have been interacting with insects for several hundred million years, leading to
complex defense approaches against various insect feeding strategies. Some defenses are …

There is always a silent war between plants and herbivorous insects that we are rarely privy
to. In this silent war, chemicals act as both weapons and messengers. Insect–plant co …

Plants cannot avoid being attacked by an almost infinite number of microorganisms and
insects. Consequently, they arm themselves with molecular weapons against their attackers …

Plants produce and emit terpenes, including sesquiterpenes, during growth and
development, which serve different functions in plants. The sesquiterpene nerolidol has …

Plants can be primed to respond faster and more strongly to stress and multiple pathways,
specific for the encountered challenge, are involved in priming. This adaptability of priming …

Forest trees are exposed to a myriad of single and combined stresses with varying strength
and duration throughout their lifetime, and many of the simultaneous and successive stress …

Specialized plant metabolites (SPMs), traditionally referred to as 'secondary metabolites',
are chemical compounds involved in a broad range of biological functions, including plant …

Phytopathogenic bacteria cause severe economic losses in agricultural production
worldwide. The spread rates, severity, and emerging plant bacterial diseases have become …