Infectious and inflammatory diseases remain major causes of mortality and morbidity
worldwide. To combat bacterial infections, the mammalian immune system employs a …

Simple Summary IFNs are cytokines that play critical roles in the immune defense
mechanisms that prevent virus spread. They also exhibit regulatory effects on the immune …

Cerebral malaria (CM) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Risk for
developing CM partially depends on host genetic factors, including variants encoded in the …

Protein secretion plays a central role in modulating interactions of the human pathogen
Listeria monocytogenes with its environment. Recently, secretion of RNA has emerged as …

The host protective immunity against viral infection requires the effective detection of viral
antigens and the subsequent production of type I interferons (IFNs) by host immune cells …

Background Differences in DNA methylation are known to contribute to the development of
immune-related disorders in humans but relatively little is known about how methylation …

Upon encountering a virus, fish initiate an innate immune response, guided by IFNs. Foxo3
plays a part in the body's immune response; however, its specific role in the IFN-guided …

Animal-based tests are used for the control of vaccine quality. However, because highly
purified and safe vaccines are now available, alternative approaches that can replace or …

Interferons α and β (IFNα and IFNβ) are type I interferons produced by the host to control
pathogen propagation. However, only a minority of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients …

Host and fungal pathogens compete for metal ion acquisition during infectious processes,
but molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that type I interferons …