Chronic infections caused by microbial biofilms represent an important clinical challenge.
The recalcitrance of microbial biofilms to antimicrobials and to the immune system is a major …

Biofilms are communities of bacteria forming high-density sessile colonies. Such a lifestyle
comes associated with costs and benefits: while the growth rate of biofilms is often lower …

Experimental evolution experiments in which bacterial populations are repeatedly exposed
to an antimicrobial treatment, and examination of the genotype and phenotype of the …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most prevalent bacterial species that contribute to cystic
fibrosis (CF) respiratory failure. The impaired function of CF transmembrane conductance …

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria benefit plants by stimulating their growth or protecting
them against phytopathogens. Rhizobacteria must colonize and persist on plant roots to …

Microbial biofilms can cause chronic infection. In the clinical setting, the biofilm-related
infections usually persist and reoccur; the main reason is the increased antibiotic resistance …

Genetic mutation, which provides the raw material for evolutionary adaptation, is largely a
stochastic force. However, there is ample evidence showing that mutations can also exhibit …

An electronic device includes a first body, a second body, and a rotating shaft structure
connected to the first body and the second body. The rotating shaft structure includes a first …

Adaptation from standing genetic variation is an important process underlying evolution in
natural populations, but we rarely get the opportunity to observe the dynamics of fitness and …

Bacterial-fungal interactions influence microbial community performance of most
ecosystems and elicit specific microbial behaviours, including stimulating specialised …