Purpose The use of alternative matrices in toxicological analyses has been on the rise in
clinical and forensic settings. Specimens alternative to blood and urine are useful in …

Drugs of abuse testing is widely used clinically and forensically. Urine is the preferred type
of specimen for drugs of abuse screening, but saliva, sweat, hair, and meconium are …

Abstract Analysis of biological samples is affected by interfering substances with chemical
properties similar to those of the target analytes, such as drugs. Biological samples such as …

Phthalate esters are a group of synthetic industrial chemicals that are widely used in
plastics. Urinary phthalate metabolites are short-term exposure markers frequently used to …

Opioids such as heroin, fentanyl, raw opium, and morphine have become a serious threat to
the world population in the recent past, due to their increasing use and abuse. The detection …

Within the past two decades, there have been many studies for quantitative analysis on
human hair samples. Microscopical and chemical analysis techniques have been used to …

Hair is becoming a main matrix for forensic drug analyses due to its large detection window
compared to traditional matrices (ie urine & blood) and the possibility of establishing the …

In this review article, we performed an overview of extraction and chromatographic analysis
methods of NPS in hair from 2007 to 2021, evaluating the limit of detection (LOD), limit of …

Point-of-care test (POCT) allows for rapid and sensitive screening of drugs of abuse.
However, traditional gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay strip is not sensitive …

Many drug tests are carried out by means of hair analysis. The aim of the present study was
to clarify if and to what extent it is possible to manipulate the results of hair analyses on …