As a global public health problem, low back pain (LBP) caused by intervertebral disc
degeneration (IDD) seriously affects patients' quality of life. In addition, the prevalence of …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been the subject of an exponentially growing number of
studies covering their biogenesis mechanisms, isolation and analysis techniques …

Breast adipose tissue is an important contributor to the obesity–breast cancer link.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles containing selective cargo, such as …

Plastic waste accumulation and its degradation into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics
(NPs) pose environmental concerns. Previous studies have indicated that polystyrene (PS) …

Background The transplantation of exosomes derived from human adipose-derived
mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) has emerged as a prospective cellular-free therapeutic …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising next‐generation therapeutics and drug delivery
systems due to demonstrated safety and efficacy in preclinical models and early‐stage …

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising regenerative therapeutics that primarily
exert their effects through secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs–being small and …

Oxidative stress is one of the main driving mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration
(IDD). Oxidative stress has been associated with inflammation in the intervertebral disc …

Molecular biomarkers require the reproducible capture of disease-associated changes and
are ideally sensitive, specific and accessible with minimal invasiveness to patients …

The clinical need for effective bone regeneration in compromised conditions continues to
drive demand for innovative solutions. Among emerging strategies, extracellular vesicles …