Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized
by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) …

Kidney disease is a significant health problem worldwide, affecting an estimated 10% of the
global population. Kidney disease encompasses a diverse group of disorders that vary in …

Background: Fucoidan (FPS) has been widely used to treat renal fibrosis (RF) in patients
with diabetic kidney disease (DKD); however, the precise therapeutic mechanisms remain …

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, also known as gliflozins, were developed as a
novel class of anti-diabetic agents that promote glycosuria through the prevention of glucose …

Numerous studies have shown that microglia are capable of producing a wide range of
chemokines to promote inflammatory processes within the central nervous system (CNS) …

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a specific neuron-vascular complication of diabetes,
is a major cause of vision loss among middle-aged people worldwide, and the number of …

Erianin (Eri) is the extract of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a
multiprotein complex that plays key roles in a wide variety of chronic inflammation-driven …

Ethnopharmacological relevance The prevalence of kidney disease has increased rapidly in
recent years and has emerged as one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Natural …

The nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the kidney
and the heart is increasingly being suggested to play a key role in mediating inflammation …

Diabetes is a widespread metabolic disease with various complications, including diabetic
nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiomyopathy, and other cardiovascular or cerebrovascular …