Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) which halts HIV-1 replication and reduces plasma viral
load to clinically undetectable levels, viral rebound inevitably occurs once ART is …

Integration of viral DNA into the host genome is a central event in the replication cycle and
the pathogenesis of retroviruses, including HIV. Although most cells infected with HIV are …

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) mainly infects CD4+ T cells and induces
chronic, persistent infection in infected individuals, with some developing adult T cell …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a powerful new tool in the treatment of cancer, with
prolonged responses in multiple diseases, including hematologic malignancies, such as …

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic virus with constantly active
antisense transcription from the proviral genome. Here, Matsuo et al. perform proviral DNA …

Background: The human leukaemia virus HTLV-1 expresses essential accessory genes that
manipulate the expression, splicing and transport of viral mRNAs. Two of these genes, tax …

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL).
HTLV-1 carriers have a lifelong asymptomatic balance between infected cells and host …

The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) retrovirus infects 10–20 million people
globally, with endemic regions in southwestern Japan, the Caribbean basin, Africa, and …

Human retroviruses, including human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and HIV type 1
(HIV-1), encode an antisense gene in the negative strand of the provirus. Besides coding for …

Chromatin looping controls gene expression by regulating promoter-enhancer contacts, the
spread of epigenetic modifications, and the segregation of the genome into transcriptionally …