Background: Tissue engineering, including 3D bioprinting, holds great promise as a
therapeutic tool for repairing cartilage defects. Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to …

Various factors can cause skin defects, resulting in the loss of physiological functions and
even death due to severe concurrent infection. Dressings are often clinically used to fully …

With the development of sustainable materials, biomass-derived fiber materials have
attracted significant research interest because of their excellent performance, cost …

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technique for the
development of neuronal in vitro models because it controls the deposition of materials and …

Additive manufacturing, often known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is driving significant
progress in a diverse range of fields, such as engineering, manufacturing, food, and …

Hydrogels, with 3D hydrophilic polymer networks and excellent biocompatibilities, have
emerged as promising biomaterial candidates to mimic the structure and properties of …

hydroxybutyrate (3HB), or BHB, is an anionic small molecule acid metabolite with a hydroxyl
group. 3HB is the major ketone body that is distributed in the human brain and its primary …

Consequent to the development of bioprinting technologies for biomedical applications,
especially in tissue engineering, a comprehensive review of extrusion-based bioprinting …

Metabolic intermediates serve as precursors for bioactive molecule synthesis, the energy
source for life activities, and signals for environmental adaptation. Ketone bodies are …

Modified polymeric gels, including nanogels, which play not only the role of a bioinert matrix,
but also perform regulatory, catalytic, and transport functions due to the active fragments …