BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have suggested that the central vein sign
and iron rims are specific features of MS lesions. Using 3T SWI, we aimed to compare the …

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic immune mediated demyelinating disease leading to
neurological disabilities that need to be diagnosed and treated early. Guidelines on multiple …

Recent studies demonstrated the presence of autoantibodies to native myelin
oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in juvenile patients with acute disseminated …

B cells are important in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and some of the effects
are not dependent on maturation of B cells into immunoglobulin (Ig) producing plasmablasts …

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is based on dissemination in time and space. Before
2010 lack of evidence for dissemination in space could be substituted by a paraclinical test …

Background: Increased blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, CNS inflammation and
neuroaxonal damage are pathological hallmarks in early multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective …

The role of autoantibodies in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been enigmatic since the first
description, many decades ago, of intrathecal immunoglobulin production in people with this …

Intrathecal production of kappa free light chains occurs in multiple sclerosis and can be
measured using the kappa free light chain index. Kappa free light chain index values can be …

Objective The management of complex patients with neuroimmunological diseases is
hindered by an inability to reliably measure intrathecal inflammation. Currently implemented …

Autoimmune diseases currently affect 5–7% of the world's population; in most diseases
there are circulating autoantibodies. Brain-reactive antibodies are present in approximately …