Abstract In 2009 the first European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infection (ESCMID)
treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) was published. The …

Clostridium difficileinfection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-associated gastrointestinal
illness and places a high burden on our health-care system. Patients with CDI typically have …

Background Clostridium difficile infection is a serious diarrheal illness associated with
substantial morbidity and mortality. Patients generally have a response to oral vancomycin …

Binary toxin (CDT) is frequently observed in Clostridium difficile strains associated with
increased severity of C. difficile infection (CDI). CDT belongs to the family of binary ADP …

Clostridium difficile is a formidable nosocomial and community-acquired pathogen, causing
clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic colonization to self-limiting diarrhea to …

The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed dramatically during
this millennium. Infection rates have increased markedly in most countries with detailed …

PubMed, EMBASE and conference abstracts were reviewed systematically to determine the
clinical and economic burden associated with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) acquired …

Rates and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in hospitals in North America and
Europe have increased since 2000 and correlate with dissemination of an epidemic strain …

Toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains produce two toxins (TcdA and TcdB) during the
stationary phase of growth and are the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C …

Clostridium difficile causes a potentially fatal diarrheal disease through the production of its
principal virulence factors, toxin A and toxin B. The tcdC gene is thought to encode a …