Complications of portal hypertension, including ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic
hydrothorax, and hepatic encephalopathy, are associated with significant morbidity and …

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury This review summarizes the pathophysiology and
definition of contrast-associated acute kidney injury, as well as risk stratification. The authors …

Background Intravenous sodium bicarbonate and oral acetylcysteine are widely used to
prevent acute kidney injury and associated adverse outcomes after angiography without …

X-ray-computed tomography (CT) is a well-established tissueimaging technique employed
in a variety of research and clinical settings. 1 Specifically, CT is a noninvasive clinical …

Abstract Purpose The Contrast Media Safety Committee (CMSC) of the European Society of
Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) has updated its 1999 guidelines on contrast medium-induced …

The broad clinical syndrome of acute kidney injury (AKI) encompasses various aetiologies,
including specific kidney diseases (eg acute interstitial nephritis), nonspecific conditions (eg …

Radiocontrast media (RCM) are medical drugs used to improve the visibility of internal
organs and structures in X‐ray based imaging techniques. They may have side effects …

Coronary angiography and heart catheterization are invaluable tests for the detection and
quantification of coronary artery disease, identification of valvular and other structural …

Despite myriad improvements in the care of hospitalized patients, a decline in renal function
remains a common event. Renal function in 4,622 consecutive patients admitted to the …

Background—In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the
modern era, the incidence and prognostic implications of acute renal failure (ARF) are …