It has long been proposed that flying and swimming animals could exploit neighbour-
induced flows. Despite this it is still not clear whether, and if so how, schooling fish …

Fish in schooling formations navigate complex flow fields replete with mechanical energy in
the vortex wakes of their companions. Their schooling behavior has been associated with …

Collective behaviour defines the lives of many animal species on the Earth. Underwater
swarms span several orders of magnitude in size, from coral larvae and krill to tunas and …

Schooling in fish is linked to a number of factors such as increased foraging success,
predator avoidance, and social interactions. In addition, a prevailing hypothesis is that …

Collective motion of organisms is a widespread phenomenon exhibited by many species,
most commonly associated with colonial birds and schools of fish. The benefits of schooling …

Many animals in nature travel in groups either for protection, survival, or endurance. Among
these, certain species do so under the burden of aero/hydrodynamic loads, which incites …

A potential benefit of swimming together in coordinated schools is to allow fish to extract
energy from vortices shed by their neighbours, thus reducing the costs of locomotion. This …

Monitoring fish migration, which can extend over distances of thousands of kilometers, via
fish tags is important to maintain healthy fish stocks and preserve biodiversity. One …

Energetic benefit and enhanced performance are considered among the most fascinating
achievements of collective behaviours, eg fish schools and flying formations. The collective …

The study is motivated by the quest to understand hydrodynamic interactions and wake
dynamics of fish schooling. Using the constraint immersed boundary method, the work …