This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Astrocytes play essential roles in development, homeostasis, injury, and repair of the central
nervous system (CNS). Their development is tightly regulated by distinct spatial and …

Chronic pain is among the most disabling and costly disorders, with prevalence ranging
from 10% to 55%. However, current therapeutic strategies for chronic pain are unsatisfactory …

Evidence is rapidly growing regarding a role of astroglial cells in the pathogenesis of
Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the hippocampus is one of the important brain regions …

Background: Neurological diseases have become an obvious challenge due to insufficient
therapeutic intervention. Therefore, novel drugs for various neurological disorders are in …

Chronic pain, often defined as any pain lasting more than 3 months, is poorly managed
because of its multifaceted and complex mechanisms. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent …

Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) remains a major challenge in advanced cancer patients
because of our lack of understanding of its mechanisms. Previous studies have shown the …

Introduction: Bone cancer pain (BCP) remains to be a clinical challenge with limited
pharmaceutical interventions. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets for the management of …

Management of chronic pain is one of the most difficult problems in modern practice. Grafted
human telomerase reverse transcriptase–immortalized bone marrow mesenchymal stromal …

In modern science, immortalized cells are not only a convenient tool in fundamental
research, but they are also increasingly used in practical medicine. This happens due to …