Allopurinol is the drug most widely used to lower the blood concentrations of urate and,
therefore, to decrease the number of repeated attacks of gout. Allopurinol is rapidly and …

In humans, the hepatic end product of purine metabolism is uric acid. Serum uric acid levels
physiologically and gradually rise during human lifetime. Hyperuricemia also arises from …

Background—Allopurinol has been shown to improve endothelial function in chronic heart
failure. This study aimed to establish its mechanism of action and to construct a dose …

Background—Cigarette smoking causes endothelial dysfunction, possibly through
increased oxidant stress. The enzyme xanthine oxidase produces oxidative free radicals …

Introduction Xanthine oxidase (XO) is distributed in mammals largely in the liver and small
intestine, but also is highly active in milk where it generates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) …

Allopurinol is the mainstay of urate‐lowering therapy for patients with gout and impaired
renal function. Although rare, a life‐threatening hypersensitivity syndrome may occur with …

Xanthine oxidoreductase is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the final steps in purine
metabolism by converting hypoxanthine to xanthine and then uric acid. Allopurinol, an …

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are primarily used in the clinical prevention and treatment of
gout associated with hyperuricemia. The archetypal xanthine oxidase inhibitor, Allopurinol …

BACKGROUND: Fetal hypoxia is an important determinant of neonatal encephalopathy
caused by birth asphyxia, in which hypoxia-induced free radical formation plays an …

The management of gout consists of urate-lowering therapy and acute and chronic anti-
inflammatory drugs. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is the primary urate-lowering …