Stem cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases aim at halting clinical
deterioration by regeneration and by providing local support for damaged tissue …

Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder of early onset that is highly variable in its
clinical presentation. Although the causes of autism in most patients remain unknown …

Interferons (IFN) exert antiviral, immunomodulatory and cytostatic activities. IFN-α/β (type I
IFN) and IFN-λ (type III IFN) bind distinct receptors, but regulate similar sets of genes and …

The neuromodulator adenosine regulates immune activation and neuronal survival through
specific G-protein-coupled receptors expressed on macrophages and neurons, including the …

Neurodegenerative disorders are a variety of diseases including Alzheimer's (AD),
Parkinson's (PD), and Huntington's diseases (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic …

Mitoxantrone, a synthetic anthracenedione, was developed in the 1980s as a doxorubicin
analogue in a program to find a cytotoxic agent with decreased cardiotoxicity compared with …

Recent findings concerning the biology of IFN-λs and their pathophysiological roles in viral
infection, cancer, and immune responses of the innate and adaptive arms are summarized …

Autoimmune T and B cell responses to CNS antigen (s) are thought to drive the
pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), and thus are logical targets for therapy. Indeed …

Background. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating neurological disease.
Several studies have reported that complementary and alternative therapies can have …

A sustained inflammatory reaction is present in acute (eg stroke) and chronic (eg
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis) neurodegenerative …