Abstract Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), the persistence of positive symptoms
despite≥ 2 trials of adequate dose and duration of antipsychotic medication with …

Abstract About 40%-70% of the patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia have a poor
response to adequate treatment with clozapine. The impact of clozapine-resistant …

The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With
Schizophrenia seeks to reduce these substantial psychosocial and public health …

Clozapine is the gold standard for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Serious and even life-
threatening adverse effects, mostly granulocytopenia, myocarditis, and constipation, are of …

Approximately one-third of patients with schizophrenia have treatment-resistant
schizophrenia (TR-SCZ), which is a condition characterized by suboptimal response to …

The biochemical integrity of the brain is paramount to the function of the central nervous
system, and oxidative stress is a key contributor to cerebral biochemical impairment …

Background Recent developments in neuroimaging have advanced the understanding of
biological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia. However, neuroimaging correlates of …

Psychiatric treatment relies on a solid armamentarium of pharmacologic and
nonpharmacologic treatment modalities that perform reasonably well for many patients but …

Background: Clozapine is the recommended antipsychotic for treatment-resistant
schizophrenia (TRS) but there is significant variability between patients in the degree to …

Clozapine is the only licensed pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
However, response to clozapine is variable. Understanding the demographic and clinical …