The development in urbanization, growth in industrialization and deficiency in crude oil
wealth has made to focus more for the renewable and also sustainable spotless energy …

Over the past several years, a new surge of interest in paper electronics has arisen due to
the numerous merits of simple micro/nanostructured substrates. Herein, the latest advances …

Functional graphene nanomaterials (FGNs) are fast emerging materials with extremely
unique physical and chemical properties and physiological ability to interfere and/or interact …

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have attracted considerable interest due to their potential in
renewable electrical power generation using the broad diversity of biomass and organic …

Graphene has captured the attention of many researchers due to its wide potential in energy-
related applications; it possess high thermal and electrical conductivity, great mechanical …

Since they firstly appeared in 2014, paper-based microfluidic fuel cells (PMFC) have
received great attention in the past few years, mainly being used for sensors, wearable …

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) converts chemical energy into electrical
energy via electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, with heat and water as …

The ever-growing demand for cost-effective and innocuous biocatalytic transformations has
prompted the rational design and development of robust biocatalytic tools. Enzyme …

The contact angle between a membrane surface and a waterdrop lying on its surface
provides important information about the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the membrane …

Over the years, there has been a substantial increase in the demands of a portable, green
source of energy for powering microelectronics to be used as sensors, medical implants and …