Effective restoration of extensive tracheal damage arising from cancer, stenosis, infection or
congenital abnormalities remains an unmet clinical need in respiratory medicine. The …

Three-dimensional bioprinting has been gaining attention as a potential method for creating
biological tissues, supplementing the current arsenal of tissue engineering techniques. 3D …

Transplantation is the only long-term treatment option for patients with end-stage lung and
tracheal diseases. However, transplantation is limited by shortage of donor organs and post …

Long-segmental tracheal defects constitute an intractable clinical problem, due to the lack of
satisfactory tracheal substitutes for surgical reconstruction. Tissue engineered artificial …

Three-dimensional (3D)/four-dimensional (4D) printing, also known as additive
manufacturing or fast prototyping, is a manufacturing technique that uses a digital model to …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a promising technology that can use a patient's
image data to create complex and personalized constructs precisely. It has made great …

Surgical reconstruction of extensive tracheal lesions is challenging. It requires a
mechanically stable, biocompatible, and nontoxic material that gradually degrades. One of …

Due to the current relevance of pulmonary toxicology (with focus upon air pollution and the
inhalation of hazardous materials), it is important to further develop and implement …

Introduction: Attempted tracheal replacement efforts thus far have had very little success.
Major limiting factors have been the inability to efficiently re-vascularise and mimic the …

Background Tracheomalacia and tracheal stenosis are complicated, patient-specific
diseases that require a multidisciplinary approach to diagnose and treat. Surgical …