Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation and destruction of bone and
cartilage in affected joints. Autoimmune responses lead to increased osteoclastic bone …

Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent disease particularly in subjects over 65 years of age
worldwide. While in the past it was considered a mere consequence of cartilage degradation …

Therapeutics against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are urgently needed.
Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a myelopoietic growth factor …

Cell-membrane-coated nanoparticles have emerged as a promising antitumor therapeutic
strategy. However, the immunologic mechanism remains elusive, and there are still crucial …

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes progressive articular
damage, functional loss, and comorbidity. The development of effective biologics and small …

Modern concepts of osteoarthritis (OA) have been forever changed by modern imaging
phenotypes demonstrating complex and multi-tissue pathologies involving cartilage …

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, also known as c-FMS) is a receptor tyrosine
kinase. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and IL-34 are ligands of CSF1R …

Immunotherapy is revolutionizing the treatment of diseases in which dysregulated immune
responses have an important role. However, most of the immunotherapy strategies currently …

Pain is the major symptom of osteoarthritis (OA) and is an important factor in strategies to
manage this disease. However, the current standard of care does not provide satisfactory …

Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has many more functions
than its original in vitro identification as an inducer of granulocyte and macrophage …