The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a barrier that separates the blood from the brain tissue and
possesses unique characteristics that make the delivery of drugs to the brain a great …

CNS tumors remain among the deadliest forms of cancer, resisting conventional and new
treatment approaches, with mortality rates staying practically unchanged over the past 30 …

Background Cilengitide is a selective αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin inhibitor. Data from phase 2
trials suggest that it has antitumour activity as a single agent in recurrent glioblastoma and in …

Integrins are key regulators of communication between cells and with their
microenvironment. Eight members of the integrin superfamily recognize the tripeptide motif …

Simple Summary Integrins, a superfamily of cell adhesion receptors, were extensively
investigated as therapeutic targets over the last decades, motivated by their multiple …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary adult brain tumor and its pathology is
hallmarked by distorted neovascularization, diffuse tumor-associated macrophage …

Cilengitide, a cyclic RGD pentapeptide, is currently in clinical phase III for treatment of
glioblastomas and in phase II for several other tumors. This drug is the first anti-angiogenic …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known as the most intricate and hard-to-treat
subtype of breast cancer. TNBC cells do not express the well-known estrogen receptor …

Purpose Invasion and migration are key processes of glioblastoma and are tightly linked to
tumor recurrence. Integrin inhibition using cilengitide has shown synergy with chemotherapy …

The high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronic acid (HA), makes up a significant
portion of the brain extracellular matrix. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly invasive …