Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder of calcium metabolism
characterised by hypercalcaemia and elevated or inappropriately normal concentrations of …

The last international guidelines on the evaluation and management of primary
hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) were published in 2014. Research since that time has led to …

Heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest receptor family in
mammals and are responsible for the regulation of most physiological functions. Besides …

In this Review, we describe the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary
hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), with a focus on recent advances in the field. PHPT is a …

Calcium is an essential trace element and a vital contributor to numerous reactions in
virtually every human cell. To ensure normal physiologic functions, intracellular and …

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common disorder in which parathyroid hormone
(PTH) is excessively secreted from one or more of the four parathyroid glands. A single …

Human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that
maintains extracellular Ca2+ homeostasis through the regulation of parathyroid hormone …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex and multifactorial disease, and one of the most
prevalent worldwide. Chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorders (CKD–MBD) with …

Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Intervertebral disc (IVD)
degeneration is often associated with low back pain but is sometimes asymptomatic. IVD …

The absorption of glucose is electrogenic in the small intestinal epithelium. The major route
for the transport of dietary glucose from intestinal lumen into enterocytes is the Na+/glucose …