Background Continuous compensation of dopamine represents an ideal symptomatic
treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). The feasibility in intracerebroventricular …

The best current model of Parkinson's disease is the primate treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-
1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Quantification of animal movement is important for the …

The original 4 cases were individuals from northern California who had recently injected a
new synthetic form of heroin. Within a week, all individuals experienced jerking of the limbs …

Although l-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) is one of the most effective therapies for
Parkinson's disease, continued treatment may result in excessive involuntary movements …

It has been suggested, based on rodent studies, that levodopa (l-dopa) induced dyskinesia
is associated with a disrupted blood–brain barrier (BBB). We have investigated BBB integrity …

The pedunculopontine nucleus is a mesencephalic nucleus that has widespread and
reciprocal connections with the basal ganglia. It has been implicated in the physiopathology …

While the pathophysiological changes induced by the loss of dopamine innervation in the
basal ganglia by Parkinson's disease (PD) are well studied, little is known about functional …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that is neurotoxic under certain exposure
conditions. Monkeys and humans exposed to Mn develop similar neurological effects; thus …

Clinical DA agonist monotherapy trials, which used in vivo imaging of the DA transporter
(DAT) to assess the rate of progression of nigrostriatal degeneration, have failed to …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. An experimental
model of this disease is produced in nonhuman primates by the administration of the …