Glucose and fatty acids are the major sources of energy for human body. Cholesterol, the
most abundant sterol in mammals, is a key component of cell membranes although it does …

Mistakes are part of our world and constantly occurring. Due to transcriptional and
translational failures, genomic mutations or diverse stress conditions like oxidation or heat …

Efficient delivery of specific cargos in vivo poses a major challenge to the secretory pathway,
which shuttles products encoded by∼ 30% of the genome. Newly synthesized protein and …

Microorganisms directly and indirectly contribute to production of diverse biofuels.
Heterotrophic microorganisms are being used for commercial production of biofuels such as …

Viruses elicit cell and organismic stress, and offset homeostasis. They trigger intrinsic, innate
and adaptive immune responses, which limit infection. Viruses restore homeostasis by …

The polytopic, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl
coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase produces mevalonate, the key intermediate in the …

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the best characterized eukaryotic models.
The secretory pathway was the first trafficking pathway clearly understood mainly thanks to …

Background Proteins can be secreted from a host organism with the aid of N-terminal
secretion signals. The budding yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella sp.) is widely employed …

INTRODUCTION Genetic interactions are identified when variants in different genes
combine to generate an unusual phenotype compared with the expected combined effect of …

Unconventional protein secretion (UPS) allows the release of specific leaderless proteins
independently of the classical endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi secretory pathway. While it …