Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane cell adhesion molecules made up of alpha (α)
and beta (β) subunits arranged in numerous dimeric pairings. These complexes have …

Curved membranes are key features of intracellular organelles, and their generation
involves dynamic protein complexes. Here we describe the fundamental mechanisms such …

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the major endocytic pathway in mammalian cells. It
is responsible for the uptake of transmembrane receptors and transporters, for remodeling …

Integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) have evolved over millions of years to integrate
metazoan cells physically with their microenvironment. It is presumed that the simultaneous …

INTRODUCTION Various methods of super-resolution (SR) fluorescence microscopy have
the potential to follow the dynamic nanoscale interactions of specific macromolecular …

Nanoparticles (NP) are attractive options for the therapeutic delivery of active
pharmaceutical drugs, proteins and nucleic acids into cells, tissues and organs. Research …

Many of the biological functions of a cell are dictated by the intricate motion of proteins within
its membrane over a spatial range of nanometres to tens of micrometres and time intervals of …

Abstract β-Arrestins critically regulate G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling, not
only 'arresting'the G protein signal but also modulating endocytosis and initiating a discrete …

During clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), plasma membrane regions are internalized to
retrieve extracellular molecules and cell surface components. Whether endocytosis occurs …

Physical forces regulate numerous biological processes during development, physiology,
and pathology. Forces between the external environment and intracellular actin cytoskeleton …