Testosterone is the predominant gonadal androgen in men. Low testosterone levels are
found to be associated with an increased in metabolic risk and systematic inflammation …

It is becoming increasingly evident that the low serum levels of testosterone experienced by
aging men are associated with increased all-cause mortality from CHD and other vascular …

BACKGROUND Red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis represents an intrinsic mechanism for
human vascular disease. Intravascular hemolysis releases hemoglobin and other …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The effects of
testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, on cardiovascular risk have been of special …

An increasing number of elderly men are receiving exogenous testosterone to treat
hypogonadism, low libido, and general weakness. 1 The impact of testosterone on the …

Important sex differences in the onset and characteristics of cardiovascular disease are
evident, yet the mechanistic details remain unresolved. Men are more susceptible to …

Despite significant progress in the care of patients suffering from cardiovascular disease,
there remains a persistent sex disparity in the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of …

Gender dimorphisms exist in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular,
cardiopulmonary, neurodegenerative, and endocrine disorders. Estrogens exert immense …

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in men.
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is the first-line treatment and fundamental management …

Background Although testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risks of heart
disease, the benefits of testosterone therapy are controversial. Moreover, current …